Difference between Axon and Dendrite

Both Axon and Dendrite are processes of a Neuron, however, they have some contrasting characters as described below.

Structure of a Typical Neuron 

(Source: Faigl.ladislav/Wikipedia)

Axon

1. Only one axon is present in a neuron.
2. It is a thin long process of uniform thickness and smooth surface.
3. The branches of axon are fewer and at right angles to the axon.
4. Axon contains neurofibrils and no Nissl’s granules.
5. It forms the efferent component of the impulse.

Dendrite

1. Dendrites are usually multiple in number in a neuron.
2. These are short multiple processes. Their thickness diminishes as these divide repeatedly. The branches are studded with spiny projections.
3. The dendrites branch profusely and are given off at acute angles.
4. Dendrites contain both neurofibrils and Nissl’s granules.
5. Dendrites form the afferent component of the impulse